Editing Judo (section)

===Current international contest rules===
[[File:石井と鈴木.jpg|thumb|[[All-Japan Judo Championships]], 2007 men's final]]
{{Main|Judo rules}}

Penalties may be given for: passivity or preventing progress in the match; for safety infringements (for example by using prohibited techniques), or for behavior that is deemed to be against the spirit of judo. Fighting must be stopped if a participant is outside the designated area on the mat.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rulesofsport.com/sports/judo.html|title=Judo Rules: Basic Rules of Judo|work=rulesofsport.com}}</ref>

====Weight divisions====
There are currently seven [[weight divisions]], subject to change by governing bodies, and may be modified based on the age of the competitors:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Weight divisions
!
! Extra Lightweight
! Half Lightweight
! Lightweight
! Half Middleweight
! Middleweight
! Half Heavyweight
! Heavyweight
|-
!scope="row"| Men
| Under {{convert|60|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|60–66|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|66–73|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|73–81|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|81–90|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|90–100|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| Over {{convert|100|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
|-
!scope="row"| Women
| Under {{convert|48|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|48–52|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|52–57|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|57–63|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|63–70|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| {{convert|70–78|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
| Over {{convert|78|kg|lb st|abbr=on|disp=br()}}
|}

[[File:Judo throw.jpg|thumb|Throw during competition, leads to an ippon]]

====Competition scoring====
A throw that places the opponent on their back with impetus and control scores an {{nihongo3|ippon|一本}}, winning the contest.<ref name=score>Takahashi (2005) pp. 18–20</ref> A lesser throw, where the opponent is thrown onto his back, but with insufficient force to merit an ippon, scores a {{nihongo3|waza-ari|技あり}}.<ref name=score/> Two scores of waza-ari equal an ippon {{nihongo3|&nbsp;|技あり合わせて一本|waza-ari awasete ippon}}. This rule was cancelled in 2017, but it was resumed in 2018. Formerly, a throw that places the opponent onto his side scores a {{nihongo3|yuko|有効}}.<ref name=score/>

In 2017, the [[International Judo Federation]] announced changes in evaluation of points. There will only be ippon and waza-ari scores given during a match with yuko scores now included within waza-ari.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ijf.org/news/show/adapted-rules-of-the-next-olympic-cycle |title=Wide consensus for the adapted rules of the next Olympic Cycle |work=IJF.org |date=December 9, 2016 |access-date=June 2, 2017 }}</ref>

Ippon is scored in ''ne-waza'' for pinning an opponent on his back with a recognised ''osaekomi-waza'' for 20 seconds or by forcing a submission through ''shime-waza'' or ''kansetsu-waza''.<ref name=score/> A submission is signalled by tapping the mat or the opponent at least twice with the hand or foot, or by saying {{nihongo3|maitta|まいった||I surrender}}.<ref name=score/> A pin lasting for less than 20 seconds, but more than 10 seconds scores waza-ari (formerly waza-ari was awarded for holds of longer than 15 seconds and yuko for holds of longer than 10 seconds).<ref name=score/>

Formerly, there was an additional score that was lesser to yuko, that of {{nihongo3|Koka|効果}}.<ref name=score/> This has since been removed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://judoinfo.com/pdf/Contest%20Rules-08.pdf|publisher=INT. Judo Federation : IJF Referee Commission |title=Refereeing Rules Alterations: Test Event on WC Junior Bangkok'08 |website=Judo Info|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170117/http://judoinfo.com/pdf/Contest%20Rules-08.pdf|archive-date=March 3, 2016|access-date=February 21, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://judoinfo.com/rules2.htm |first1=Neil |last1=Ohlenkamp |title=Evolution of Judo Contest Rules |website=Judo Info |access-date=February 21, 2016}}</ref>

If the scores are identical at the end of the match, the contest is resolved by the ''Golden Score'' rule. ''Golden Score'' is a [[sudden death (sport)|sudden death]] situation where the clock is reset to match-time, and the first contestant to achieve any score wins. If there is no score during this period, then the winner is decided by {{nihongo3|Hantei|判定}}, the majority opinion of the referee and the two corner judges.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.judo-ch.jp/english/ijf_judge/entyou/ |title=Extended match (e.g. Golden Score Contest)  |website=Judo Channel |access-date=February 21, 2016}}</ref>

There have been changes to the scoring. In January 2013, the Hantei was removed and the "Golden Score" no longer has a time limit. The match would continue until a judoka scored through a technique or if the opponent is penalised (Hansoku-make).

====Penalties====
Two types of penalties may be awarded. A shido (指導{{snd}} literally "guidance") is awarded for minor rule infringements. A shido can also be awarded for a prolonged period of non-aggression. Recent rule changes allow for the first shidos to result in only warnings. If there is a tie, then and only then, will the number of shidos (if less than three) be used to determine the winner. After three shidos are given, the victory is given to the opponent, constituting an indirect hansoku-make (反則負け{{snd}} literally "foul-play defeat"), but does not result in expulsion from the tournament. Note: Prior to 2017, the 4th shido was hansoku-make. If hansoku-make is awarded for a major rule infringement, it results not just in loss of the match, but in the expulsion from the tournament of the penalized player.