Editing Module:Chōtoku

{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (995–999 CE)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}

{{nihongo|'''Chōtoku'''|長徳|}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|lit. "year name"}} after ''[[Shōryaku]]'' and before ''[[Chōhō (era)|Chōhō]].''  This period spanned the years from February 995  through January 999.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Chōtoku''" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 124|page=124}}; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File].</ref> The reigning emperor was {{nihongo|[[Emperor Ichijō|Ichijō]]''-tennō''|一条天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' pp. 150-153]; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' p. 302-307; Varely, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' pp. 192-195.</ref>

==Change of era==
* '''995''' {{nihongo|''Chōtoku gannen''|長徳元年}}: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Shōryaku'' 6, on 22 February 995.<ref>Brown, p. 305.</ref>

==Events of the ''Chōtoku'' era==
* '''995''' (''Chōtoku 1''): [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]] is given the office of ''[[Udaijin]]''.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 152.]</ref>
* '''996''' (''Chōtoku 2, 7th month''): Michinaga become ''[[Sadaijin]]''; and Fujiwara no Akimitsu is named ''Udaijin''.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 153.]</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764  OCLC 6042764]

==External links==
* [[National Diet Library]], "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
|before=[[Shōryaku]]
|title=[[Japanese era name|Era or ''nengō'']]<br>Chōtoku
|years=995–999
|after=[[Chōhō (era)|Chōhō]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Japanese era name}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chotoku}}
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:990s in Japan]]


{{Japan-era-stub}}