Editing Module:Hōgen (era)

{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (1156–1159 CE)}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}

{{nihongo|'''Hōgen'''|保元}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|lit. "year name"}} after ''[[Kyūju]]'' and before ''[[Heiji]].''  This period spanned the years from April 1156 through April 1159.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Hōgen''" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 339|page=339}}; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File].</ref> The reigning emperors were {{nihongo|[[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]]''-tennō''|後白河天皇}} and {{nihongo|[[Emperor Nijō]]''-tennō''|二条天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  ''Annales des emepereurs du japon'', pp. 188]-194; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 326-329; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki'', pp. 205-212.</ref>

==Change of era==
* '''January 24, 1156''' {{nihongo|''Hōgen gannen''|保元元年}}<!-- NengoCalc  保元一年一月一日 -->: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kyūju'' 3, on the 24th day of the 4th month of 1156.<ref>Brown, p. 327.</ref>

==Events of the ''Hōgen'' era==
* '''July 20, 1156''' (''Hōgen 1, 2nd day of the 7th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 保元一年七月二日 -->: Cloistered [[Emperor Toba]]-in died at age 54.<ref>Brown, p. 321; Kitagawa, H. (1975). ''The Tale of the Heike'', p.783.</ref>
* '''July 28&ndash;August 16, 1156''' (''Hōgen 1, 10th-29th days of the 7th month'')<!-- NengoCalc  保元一年七月十日&ndash;保元一年七月二十九日 -->: The [[Hōgen Rebellion|''Hōgen'' Rebellion]],<ref>Kitagawa, p. 783.</ref> also known as the ''Hōgen'' Insurrection or the ''Hōgen'' War.
* '''1156''' (''Hōgen 1, 9th month''): The ''[[naidaijin]]'' Fujiwara Saneyoshi was named ''[[sadaijin]]''. The ''[[dainagon]]'' Fujiwara Koremichi became ''naidaijin.''  After the war, tranquility was restored throughout the empire; and the emperor himself was in charge of the government. A special building was constructed in Kyoto, where—as in the days of [[Emperor Go-Sanjo]], requests and complaints were received and examined.<ref name="t190">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 190.]</ref>
* '''1157''' (''Hōgen 2, 8th month''): Sanjō Saneyuki was dismissed from his position as ''[[daijō-daijin]]''; and in the same month, the  ''sadaijin'' Saneyoshi died. The ''[[udaijin]]'' Fujiwara no Munesuke was made ''daijō-daijin''. The ''naidaijin'' Koremichi was made ''sadaijin''. Fujiwara no Moresane, who was the 15-year-old son of son of ''[[kampaku]]'' [[Fujiwara no Tadamichi]], became ''udaijin''. The ''dainagon'' Sanjō Kinori, who was the son of Saneyuki, obtained the position of ''naidaijin.''<ref name="t190"/>
* '''1157''' (''Hōgen 2, 10th month''): The foundations are laid for a grand audience hall (''dairi'') in the palace. There had not been such a structure within the palace compound since the time of [[Emperor Shirakawa]].<ref name="t190"/>
* '''August 6, 1158''' (''Hōgen 3, 11th day of the 8th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 保元三年七月十一日 -->: In the 3rd year of Go-Shirakawa's reign (後白河天皇25年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by his eldest son.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 190]; Brown, p. 327; Varley, p. 44, 209; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of [[Emperor Go-Murakami]].</ref>
* '''1158''' (''Hōgen 4, 8th month''):  Emperor Nijō is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'').<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 191.]</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764  OCLC 6042764]

==External links==
* [[National Diet Library]], "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before =[[Kyūju]]
| title = [[Japanese era name|Era or ''nengō'']]<br>Hōgen
| after =[[Heiji]]
| years = 1156–1159
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Japanese era name}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hogen}}
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[[Category:12th-century neologisms]]