Editing Module:Jingo-keiun

{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (767–770 CE)}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}
{{nihongo|'''Jingo-keiun'''|神護景雲}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|"year name"}} after ''[[Tenpyō-jingo]]'' and before ''[[Hōki]].''  This period spanned the years from August 767 through October 770.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Jingo-keiun''" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA422  ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 422]; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}.</ref> The reigning empress was {{nihongo|[[Empress Shōtoku]]''-tennō''|称徳天皇}}. This was the same woman who had reigned previously as the former {{nihongo|[[Empress Kōken|Kōken]]''-tennō''|孝謙天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 78-81]; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 274-276; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 143-147.</ref>

==Change of era==
* '''767''' {{nihongo|''Jingo-keiun gannen''|神護景雲元年}}: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Tenpyō-jingo'' 3, on the 18th day of the 8th month of 767.<ref>Brown, p. 276.</ref>

==Events of the ''Jingo-keiun'' era==
* '''8 September 769''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 神護景雲三年八月四日  -->: In the 5th year of Shōtoku''-tennō''{{'}}s reign (称徳天皇5年), the empress died; and she designated Senior Counselor Prince Shirakabe as her heir.<ref>Brown, pp. 276-277.</ref>
* '''770''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month''): The succession (''senso'') was received by a 62-year-old grandson of [[Emperor Tenji]].<ref>Brown, p. 276; Varley, p. 44, 148; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of [[Emperor Go-Murakami]].</ref>
* '''770''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 1st day of the 10th month''): [[Emperor Kōnin]] was said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'') in a formal ceremony;and the [[nengō]] was   changed to ''Hōki'' on the very same day.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 81]; Brown, p. 277; Varley, p. 44, 148.</ref>

The ''Jingō-kaihō''' was a copper coin issued from 765 to 796. It had a diameter of about 23&nbsp;mm and a weight of between 3.4 and 4.5&nbsp;grams.<ref>Nussbaum, "''Jingō-kaihō''" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA422  ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 422.]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Wadōkaichin]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764  OCLC 6042764]

==External links==
* [[National Diet Library]], "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before =[[Tenpyō-jingo]]
| title = [[Japanese era name|Era or ''nengō'']]<br>Jingo-keiun
| after =[[Hōki]]
| years = 767–770
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Japanese era name}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jingo-Keiun}}
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:760s in Japan]]
[[Category:770s in Japan]]
[[Category:760s beginnings]]
[[Category:767]]
[[Category:770 endings]]
[[Category:8th-century neologisms]]