Editing Module:Manju (era)

{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (1024–1028 CE)}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}

{{nihongo|'''Manju'''|万寿}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|literally "year name"}} after ''[[Jian (era)|Jian]]'' and before ''[[Chōgen]].''  This period spanned the years from July 1024 through July 1028.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Manjū''" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 607|page=607}}; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}.</ref> The reigning emperor was {{nihongo|[[Emperor Go-Ichijō of Japan|Go-Ichijō]]''-tennō''|後一条天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du Japon,'' pp. 156-159; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' pp. 307-310; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 195-196.</ref>

==Change of era==
* '''1024''' {{nihongo|''Manju gannen''|万寿元年}}: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Jian'' 4, on the 13th day of the 7th month of 1024.<ref>Brown, p. 310.</ref>

==Events of the ''Manju'' era==
* '''1024''' (''Manju 1''): [[Fujiwara no Kintō]] withdrew from his public duties; and he retired to [[Kitayama]] in the north of [[Kyoto]].<ref>Iwao, Seiichi. (2002). {{Google books|NBlDYE38ODYC|''Dictionnaire historique du Japon,'' p. 607.|page=607}}</ref> 
* '''May 4, 1026''' (''Manju 3, 15th day of the 4th month''): a partial lunar eclipse.<ref>Pankenier, David. (1999). {{Google books|XmgEWgvKmh4C|''Archaeoastronomy in East Asia: Historical Observational Records of Comets and Meteor Showers from China, Japan, and Korea,'' p. 89.|page=89}}</ref> 
* '''June 16, 1026''' : A [[1026 Manju tsunami|tsunami strikes]] the coast of Iwami Province, killing more than 1,000 people.<ref>{{citation |title=Significant Earthquake Information |doi=10.7289/V5PN93H7 |url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/5902 |publisher=National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service: NCEI/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information}}</ref>
* '''1027''' (Manju 4): [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]] died at age 62.<ref>Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). ''Lessons from History: the Tokushi Yoron,'' p. 29.</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* [[Joyce Ackroyd|Ackroyd, Joyce]]. (1982) ''Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron.'' Brisbane: [[University of Queensland Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-702-21485-1}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7574544 OCLC 7574544] 
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* [[Seiichi Iwao|Iwao, Seiichi]]. (2002). [https://books.google.com/books?id=NBlDYE38ODYC  ''Dictionnaire historique du Japon'' (Vol. I)], [https://books.google.com/books?id=fW9v37poqcQC  (Vol. II)]  (with Teizō Iyanaga, Susumu Ishii, Shōichirō Yoshida ''et al.''). Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. {{ISBN|978-2-7068-1632-1}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/isbn/2706816325  OCLC 51096469]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764  OCLC 6042764]

==External links==
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before =[[Jian (era)|Jian]]
| title = [[Japanese era name|Era or ''nengō'']]<br>Manju
| years = 1024–1028
| after =[[Chōgen]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Japanese era name}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Manju (era)}}
[[Category:1020s in Japan]]
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:11th-century neologisms]]