Editing Module:Ten'an

{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (857–859 CE)}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}

{{nihongo|'''Ten'an'''|天安|}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|"year name"}} after ''[[Saikō]]'' and before ''[[Jōgan]].''  This period spanned the years from February 857 through April 859.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Ten'an''" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 957|page=957}}; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}.</ref> The reigning emperors were {{nihongo|[[Emperor Montoku|Montoku]]''-tennō''|文徳天皇}} and {{nihongo|[[Emperor Seiwa|Seiwa]]''-tennō''|清和天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  ''Annales des empereurs du japon'', p. 112]; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 264–265; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki'', p. 165.</ref>

==Change of Era==
* '''January 30, 857''' {{nihongo|''Ten'an gannen''|天安元年}}<!-- NengoCalc 天安一年一月一日 -->: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended, and the new one commenced in ''Saikō'' 4, on the 21st day of the 2nd month of 857.<ref>Brown, p. 285.</ref>

==Events of the ''Ten'an'' era==
* '''September 27, 858''' (''Ten'an 2, 27th day of the 8th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 天安二年八月十七日 -->: Emperor Montoku dies.<ref name="t115">Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 115.]</ref> Korehito''-shinnō'' receives the succession (''senso''). Shortly thereafter, Emperor Seiwa formally accedes to the throne (''sokui'').<ref>Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of [[Go-Murakami]].</ref>
* '''September 27, 858''' (''Ten'an 2, 27th day of the 8th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 天安二年八月十七日 -->: In the 8th year of Montoku''-tennō''{{'}}s reign (文徳天皇8年), the emperor abdicated;<ref name="t115"/> and the succession (''senso'') was received by his son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Seiwa is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'').<ref>Brown, pp. 286; Varley, p. 44.</ref>
* '''December 15, 858''' (''Ten'an 2, 7th day of the 11th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 天安二年十一月七日  -->: The emperor's official announcement of his enthronement at age 9 was accompanied by the appointment or his grandfather as regent (''[[sesshō]]''). This is the first time  that this high honor has been accorded to a member of the [[Fujiwara family]], and it is also the first example in Japan of the accession of an heir who is too young to be emperor. The proclamation of the beginning of Seiwa's reign was made at the [[Ise Shrine]] (''Kotai-jingu'') at [[Ise, Mie|Ise]] and at all the tombs of the imperial family.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9  p. 115]; Brown, p. 286.</ref>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past''.] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia''.] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Ōdai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon''.]  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa''. New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764  OCLC 6042764]

== External links ==
* [[National Diet Library]], "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before =[[Saikō]]
| title = [[Japanese era name|Era or ''nengō'']]<br>Ten'an
| years = 857–859
| after =[[Jōgan]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Japanese era name}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tenan}}
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:850s in Japan]]
[[Category:850s beginnings]]
[[Category:857]]
[[Category:859 endings]]